It is a laboratory test that is performed to assess male fertility. It is performed on the basis of most recent World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. It is best to have a semen analysis done before any treatments are started.
The results from a semen analysis can expose a variety of problems based on the sperm’s integrity. Although sperm count, motility, and morphology are the main elements to look out for, other components, such as pH levels, volume, liquefaction, and appearance are also examined when identifying any underlying problems. Physical and microscopic examinations are recorded according to the latest WHO guidelines (Table 1). One abnormal report does not mean that person is infertile; it could be due to some recent illness, anxiety or other factors. It is best to repeat the test after 1-2 weeks and compare the reports for final diagnoses and treatment.
Normal Values of Semen Parameters (WHO 2010)
| Parameter | Normal Range |
|---|---|
|
Volume (ml) |
1.5 (1.4-1.7) |
|
pH |
>7.2 |
|
Total Sperm Count (Million / Ejaculate) |
39 (33-46) |
|
Sperm Concentration (million/ml) |
15 (12-16) |
|
Total Motility (%) |
40 (38-42) |
|
Progressive Motility (%) |
32 (31-34) |
|
Sperm Morphology (Normal Forms, %) |
4 (3-4) |